Dogging VOC Questions and Answers

Refresh key dogging knowledge commonly assessed during a High Risk Work VOC.
This page provides assessment-aligned guidance and a knowledge check to help you feel prepared.

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Section 1: Site Hazards

This section focuses on identifying and controlling hazards commonly encountered during dogging operations. You are expected to understand environmental risks, exclusion zones, overhead services, ground conditions, and safe work practices that protect both personnel and equipment.

Assessors use these questions to confirm your ability to recognise risk and implement appropriate control measures before and during lifting operations.

1. Which has greater bearing pressure, soft clay or dry sand?

Dry sand.

Shale.

Gravel.

Any three of the following:

  • Potholes;
  • Soft or rough ground;
  • Overhead obstructions;
  • Powerlines;
  • Personnell working in the area;
  • Traffic flow and direction;
  • Underground services and;
  • Pedestrians.

Natural fibre rope (Because it is non-conductive).

Always maintain safe clearance distances when working near powerlines.

Crane boom could spring up and come into contact with the powerlines.

Always maintain safe clearance distances when working near powerlines.

The person could be jammed or crushed by the rotating counterweight.

Trunked Radio.

Nylon (or polyamide).

The power should be isolated and/ or if this is not possible the powerlines MUST be insulated.

Always maintain safe clearance distances when working near powerlines.

a) At least two metres or more from domestic powerlines;

b) At least six metres or more from high voltage transmission lines.

(Note: Assessors must ensure that the applicant is aware of State Authority regulations.)

Polyester.

Polypropylene.

Personnel MUST seek an exemption from the relevant authority, and where possible, have the electrical power shut off.

Always maintain safe clearance distances when working near powerlines.

That the load can be safely supported by the floor or formwork/ falsework i.e. back propping.

  • Powerline clearances;
  • Other overhead service lines;
  • Underground services;
  • Uneven or unstable ground;
  • Dangerous materials.
  • Powerlines;
  • Trees;
  • Overhead service lines;
  • Bridges;
  • Surrounding structures;
  • Obstructions, Facilities;
  • Other equipment;
  • Dangerous materials;
  • Underground services;
  • Soil conditions, e.g. recently filled trenches;
  • Vehicle traffic.
  1. Warning signs and barriers;
  2. Traffic control measures;
  3. Suitable artificial lights and lighting;
  4. Flag person;
  5. Flashing hazard lights.
  • Hardhat;
  • Gloves;
  • Steel capped boots;
  • Eye protection.

A hoarding, gantry, or scaffolding.

To ensure that the workplace rules and procedures are adhered to.

Risk assessments (Take 5, JHA, SWMS), any relevant permits, approval for the work to be performed.

A rough terrain crane or franna.

Section 2: cranes

This section tests your understanding of crane types, load charts, crane stability, and safe operating principles. You must demonstrate knowledge of crane limitations, communication methods, and factors that affect safe lifting performance.

Assessors are verifying that you understand how crane capacity, setup conditions, and environmental factors directly impact lift safety.

24. When setting up a mobile crane, would you place the top layer of packing in line with the outrigger beam or at 90 degrees?

The top layer of packing should be at 90 degrees to the outrigger beam.

75 mm.

At 90 degrees to one another.

The crane’s load chart located in the crane’s cabin.

  1. Toppling over (Instability) and;
  2. Structural damage.

It can topple over backwards.

No.

When the locomotive crane is operating on a slope.

It is a chart which must be in the cabin of all cranes which explains the SWL of the crane under all configurations.

The distance of the hook from a known point on the crane at which a crane can operate safely with a known load.

Any two of the following answers:

  • The load can swing uncontrollably towards the crane;
  • It can cause structural damage to the crane;
  • It can cause damage to the load;
  • It can turn the load over and;
  • It can damage the rigging gear.

By referring to the crane’s load chart.

It reduces the crane’s lifting capacity – refer to the cranes load chart.

It generally increases the radius – refer to the crane’s load chart.

No. It can result in uncontrolled load swing, instability and side pull on the cranes boom and wire rope.

Booming/luffing down increases the radius that in turn reduces the crane’s capacity.

Always carry the load as close to the ground as possible, use least amount of rope as possible, and travel slowly to reduce the load swing. Refer to operators manual for specified use.

To maintatin the stability of the crane.

The possibility of the bank collapsing under the pressure.

In the lift box with the worker.

The crane will have greater stability travelling backwards.

Directly above the load to be lifted.

5 mm.

Section 3: lifting gear

This section examines your knowledge of slings, chains, shackles, hooks, and other lifting components. You are expected to understand inspection requirements, working load limits (WLL), rejection criteria, and correct selection of lifting equipment.

The focus is on ensuring you can identify unsafe gear and select equipment appropriate for the load and lifting configuration.

47. What does "6 x 24 FC RHOL FSWR" mean?

6 strands of 24 wires, fibre core, right hand ordinary lay, flexible steel wire rope.

8 strands of 25 wires, fibre core, left hand ordinary lay, flexible steel wire rope.

Clockwise.

The opposite direction.

6 x 19 (or 6/19).

No.

Yes.

T.

M.

L.

5t.

2t.

8t.

16 mm.

Bow shackle.

Collared eye bolts.

  • Brittleness;
  • Discolouration due to excessive heat;
  • Sun-rot;
  • Mildew;
  • Effects of acid or corrosive agents;
  • Overloading (stretched);
  • High stranding;
  • Cut or broken yarns/ strands;
  • Knotted.

12 mm diameter.

Diameter in mm squared = the WLL in kg.

NOTE: If unknown, the formula for fibre rope should apply or be accpeted.

  • 10% of wires are broken over a length of 8 x diameter of the rope;
  • Kinked;
  • Sun-rot;
  • Crushed;
  • Knotted;
  • Corroded;
  • Stretched;
  • Affected by heat;
  • Affected by acid and Alkaline;
  • birdcaging.

Where 10% of the total number of wires are broken in one rope lay or in 8 diameters of the rope.

Rope diameter = 25 mm

25 x 8 = 200 length

Total number of wires in 6 x 19 construction = 114

10% of 114 = 11.4

Therefore, maximum number of broken wires allowable in a length of 200 mm = 11.

Should not exceed 95 degrees celsius.

  • Twisted;
  • Kinked, knotted;
  • Stretched, locked or does not move freely;
  • Gouged, cut or worn more than 10% of the links original diameter;
  • Pitting;
  • Affected by heat;
  • Cracked links;
  • Spot welded.
  1. Grade 30 = 260 degrees Celsius;
  2. Grade 80 = 400 degrees Celsius.

NOTE: If 260 degrees Celsius is exceeded, the WLL of the chain is reduced.

  1. Grade 30 = 8 mm;
  2. Grade 80 = 6 mm.

10% wear.

10% elongation.

Place chains “Out of Service” and engage a lifting gear specialist to re-test and tag gear. If this cannot be done, chains must be removed from use and destroyed.

By referring to the SWL tag on the sling. 

TIP: Although colour coded slings refer to their relative SWL, it is best to check the tag prior to use. This also ensures the tag is present at the time of use.

  • No external wear or abrasions;
  • No internal wear – key indicators are the thickness of the sling or the presence of grit and dirt;
  • No Damage to stitching;
  • No Damage to eyes, terminal attachments or end fittings;
  • Checking the Label/ Tag has not been removed, destroyed and is legible;
  • No Damage to sleeve or protective coating;
  • Sling has not come into contact with acids, organic solvents such as paint, coal tar or paint stripper etc;
  • No visible cuts/ tears or contusions.

The SWL is based on the sling being used in a straight formation.

  • No external wear or abrasions;
  • No internal wear – key indicators are the thickness of the sling or the presence of grit and dirt;
  • No Damage to stitching;
  • No Damage to eyes, terminal attachments or end fittings;
  • Checking the Label/ Tag has not been removed, destroyed and is legible;
  • No Damage to sleeve or protective coating;
  • Sling has not come into contact with acids, organic solvents such as paint, coal tar or paint stripper etc;
  • No visible cuts/ tears or contusions.
  1. “D” Shackles;
  2. Bow Shackles.

10% of the diameter.

It is marked on the shackle.

  • Bent;
  • Deformed;
  • Damaged;
  • Cracked;
  • Cut, gouged or worn by 10% or more;
  • SWL missing o illegible;
  • Incorrect fitting pin.
  • The crane operator;
  • Dogman and;
  • Rigger/s.

No, unless a person is secured in a suspended work box which meets all necessary requirements, including relevant statutory requirements.

Prior to every use.

Place sling “Out of Service” and return to the manufaturer or relevant specialist for testing and re-tagging.

Destroy it and dispose of correctly.

10%.

5%.

Section 4: slinging and moving loads

This section covers correct slinging methods, load balance, centre of gravity, and safe load movement. You must understand how to secure loads, control swing, manage multi-leg slings, and communicate effectively during lifting operations.

Assessors use this section to confirm your practical knowledge of load control, stability, and safe coordination during crane lifts.

91. What is the recommended maximum angle between two legs of a sling?

90 degrees.

Learn more about sling angles at the Voceed Toolbox or use our calculator to see how the weight of a load and its sling angle affects sling tension per leg.

30 degrees.

Learn more about sling angles at the Voceed Toolbox or use our calculator to see how the weight of a load and its sling angle affects sling tension per leg.

Two legs must be capable to take the loads weight.

Click here for more information.

The pin.

Use packing for sharp edges (Lagging, dunnage, carpet, rubber, kevlar).

Up to 2t (2000 kg).

A brick cage.

The formwork can be overloaded and fail/ collapse.

3m.

1m.

3.5m.

Chock the load.

Keep the load as close to the ground as possible.

Bridle the load back to the crane.

  • Two-legged slings;
  • Maximum sling angle of 60 degrees;
  • Plate clamps;
  • Shackles;
  • Spreader beams.
  • Two slings must be used;
  • Double wrap the load;
  • Use a choke hitch.
  • Double wrap the load with a choke hitch;
  • Ensure bites are in the same direction.
  • Ensure sling legs are not resting on and applying pressure to safety latches.

An Intermediate Rigging license (RI).

A certified brick cage or materials box.

A spreader beam or long legged slings.

As determined and marked by the manufacturer/ Engineer.

It reduces the WLL of the slings.

Learn more about sling angles at the Voceed Toolbox or use our calculator to see how the weight of a load and its sling angle affects sling tension per leg.

The greater of the two angles between any of the two opposite diagonal legs of the slings.

Learn more about sling angles at the Voceed Toolbox or use our calculator to see how the weight of a load and its sling angle affects sling tension per leg.

Rigging sling angle comparison diagram showing four lifting configurations (A, B, C and D) with different included angles used in dogging and crane lifting operations.
Reveal Answer

D is the correct answer.

Learn more about sling angles at the Voceed Toolbox or use our calculator to see how the weight of a load and its sling angle affects sling tension per leg.

Collared eyebolts.

  1. The weight of the load;
  2. The included angle between the slings;
  3. The method of slinging the load i.e. load factor.

50% reduction.

0.75

25%.

A load factor of 2.

An angle factor of 1.

Learn more about sling angles at the Voceed Toolbox or use our calculator to see how the weight of a load and its sling angle affects sling tension per leg.

An angle factor of 1.73

Learn more about sling angles at the Voceed Toolbox or use our calculator to see how the weight of a load and its sling angle affects sling tension per leg.

 

Slings should be in a vertical configuration only.

Rigging diagram showing different eyebolt lifting configurations (A, B, C and D) used as lifting points in crane and dogging operations.
Reveal Answer

C is the correct answer.

Perform a dummy lift – Lift load marginally off the ground and check to see if it is safe.

The distance between the two lifting points on the load is equal to the length of one sling leg.

Learn more about sling angles at the Voceed Toolbox or use our calculator to see how the weight of a load and its sling angle affects sling tension per leg.

End of Questions

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